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Course unit
GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY
SCP3056621, A.A. 2018/19
Information concerning the students who enrolled in A.Y. 2016/17
ECTS: details
Type |
Scientific-Disciplinary Sector |
Credits allocated |
Educational activities in elective or integrative disciplines |
BIO/14 |
Pharmacology |
8.0 |
Course unit organization
Period |
Second semester |
Year |
3rd Year |
Teaching method |
frontal |
Type of hours |
Credits |
Teaching hours |
Hours of Individual study |
Shifts |
Laboratory |
1.0 |
16 |
9.0 |
No turn |
Lecture |
7.0 |
56 |
119.0 |
No turn |
Start of activities |
25/02/2019 |
End of activities |
14/06/2019 |
Examination board
Board |
From |
To |
Members of the board |
6 FARMACOLOGIA GENERALE E TOSSICOLOGIA 2018-2019 |
01/10/2018 |
30/11/2019 |
DEBETTO
PATRIZIA
(Presidente)
ORSO
GENNY
(Membro Effettivo)
GIRON
MARIA CECILIA
(Supplente)
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5 FARMACOLOGIA GENERALE E TOSSICOLOGIA 2017/2018 |
01/10/2017 |
25/11/2018 |
DEBETTO
PATRIZIA
(Presidente)
ORSO
GENNY
(Membro Effettivo)
ZUSSO
MORENA
(Supplente)
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Prerequisites:
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Good knowledge of human physiology and biological chemistry |
Target skills and knowledge:
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The purpose of this course is to provide students with a basic understanding of: 1) principles regulating drug-organism interaction, including the pharmacodynamics (mechanism of drug action) and pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, and elimination); 2) principles of general Toxicology, including types of xenobiotic toxic effects and their onset conditions |
Examination methods:
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oral exam |
Assessment criteria:
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The student ability to critically and crosswise debate asked issues, topic skill, and scientific language will be evaluated |
Course unit contents:
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Introduction to Pharmacology
• Definition and aims of Pharmacology; drug definition and sources; chemical and biotechnological drugs
• Drugs and specialties; drug classification systems
Pharmacodynamics
• Mechanism of drug action, non specific versus specific
• Molecular targets for drug action (receptors)
• Quantitative aspects of drug-receptor interaction: theoretical relationship between occupancy and drug concentration; definition of affinity
• From drug-receptor interaction to the effect; the receptor-occupancy theory and its modifications; graded dose-effect curve; definition of drug potency and efficacy
• Definition of full agonist, partial agonist, inverse agonist, and antagonist; mechanisms of drug antagonism
• Quantal dose-response curve; definition of drug selectivity and safety; therapeutic indices
• Molecular structure and signal transduction of the main super-families of receptors for endogenous ligands: intracellular receptors; ligand-gated ion channel; G-protein-coupled receptors; tyrosin-kinase-linked receptors; cell adhesion receptors
• Receptor adaptation mechanisms (desensitization, down- and upregulation) and their pharmacological consequences (tolerance, dependency; rebound effects)
Qualitative pharmacokinetics
• Ways by which drugs cross cell membranes
• Routes of drug administration; absorption; bioavailability
• Distribution; placental and blood-brain barrier
• Biotransformation: phase I and II reactions; detoxification versus bioactivation
• Environmental factors affecting drug biotransformation: enzyme induction and inhibition
• Renal and biliary excretion
Elements of pharmacogenetics
• Genetic factors underlying the biological inter-individual variability in drug response
• Polymorphisms in genes encoding drug receptors and drug biotransforming enzymes
Principles of general Toxicology
• Definition and aims of Toxicology; toxicant definition
• Types of toxic effects: acute and chronic effects; reversible and irreversible effects; local and systemic effects
• Special toxic effects: teratogenic, idiosyncrasic, and genotoxic effects
• Immunotoxicity: allergic and autoimmune reactions; immunosuppression
• Adverse drug reactions (ADR): type A and B reactions
Research and development of new drugs |
Planned learning activities and teaching methods:
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traditional frontal lessons |
Additional notes about suggested reading:
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Lecture pdf files |
Textbooks (and optional supplementary readings) |
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Innovative teaching methods: Teaching and learning strategies
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
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